Ophthalmic imaging in Sturge Weber syndrome: non-invasive early diagnosis of choroidal hemangioma

Diffuse choroidal hemangioma are observed in 53% of patients with SWS and can constitute a further criterion in disease diagnosis. Although these hemangioma may remain stable, serious retinal complications can potentially arise. Fundus examination is not sufficient for diagnosis as choroidal hemangioma are easily overlooked in routine examination. At present confirmation is only given through ocular ultrasound examination, which however requires contact with the eye. SDOCT and NIR are rapid, non-invasive imaging techniques readily available in institutional hospital settings and can be used to confirm the presence of choroidal hemangioma and give further detail on early detection of overlying retinal alterations. We will aim to provide clinical guidelines on the use of non-invasive imaging techniques in SWS based on the results of our investigation.